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Foreigner are hot blooded for music education


Foreigner and the GRAMMY Foundation® are pleased to announce a new program that will help provide funds for high school music programs across the country.  As part of Foreigner’s on-going commitment to music education in high school, the GRAMMY Foundation will join the band in a combined effort to fund individual high school music programs.  At each concert on their summer tour with Journey, Foreigner will work with local radio and other media to initiate a contest to find a high school choir to sing “I Want To Know What Love Is” live on stage with Foreigner.  Details of the contest will be announced shortly and each winning school will receive a grant of $1,000 from the GRAMMY Foundation.  Foreigner is funding the grants out of the proceeds from sales of the band’s CD at venues.  The tour commences on July 21st in Salt Lake City, UT and will run through the late fall.  A non-profit organization established by The Recording Academy® in 1989, the GRAMMY Foundation offers a range of music education programs under its GRAMMY in the Schools® umbrella.

“As far as I’m concerned, music is not only the most powerful form of communication between the peoples of the world, it provides a gateway that opens up a fantastic new dimension of feeling and creativity and anything we can do to provide our younger ones with the tools to express themselves through music is our goal in this partnership,” said Foreigner’s  Mick Jones.

“Although there are vastly greater resources available for young people to make music today than previously, schools are still at the heart of providing basic education in how to play and create music, and do it well,” said Kristen Madsen, Sr. Vice President of the GRAMMY Foundation.  “It is a core reason that we continue to provide critical funds for high school music programs through our GRAMMY Signature Schools program and why this partnership with the iconic band Foreigner is such a natural fit for us.”

This summer, Razor & Tie will release a brand new Foreigner package featuring the band’s greatest hits, including such classics as “Hot Blooded,” “Cold As Ice,” “Double Vision,” “Waiting For A Girl Like You,” “Juke Box Hero” and “I Want To Know What Love Is,” a live DVD filmed in Chicago in March and a very special newly recorded CD.  The live DVD performance will be featured in a PBS TV national broadcast in the summer.

Foreigner is currently celebrating almost 35 years of legendary success with total worldwide sales approaching 70 million and countless gold and platinum album awards around the globe.  An impressive run of 14 Top 20 hits including worldwide number one hit “I Want To Know What Love Is,” “Cold As Ice,” “Double Vision,” “Head Games,” “Urgent,” “Waiting For A Girl Like You” and video game staples such as “Hot Blooded” and “Juke Box Hero.”  Foreigner’s tours continue to electrify audiences and establish the group in its rightful place as one of the top touring attractions.  Formed in 1976 by English rocker Mick Jones, the current lineup includes: Mick Jones (lead guitar), Kelly Hansen (lead vocals/percussion), Jeff Pilson (bass guitar), Tom Gimbel (guitar/saxophone/flute), Michael Bluestein (keyboards), and Mark Schulman (drums).

For the first time in over 10 years, Foreigner and Journey will hti the road on a national tour.  Tickets are now on sale through online, phone and physical retail outlets, including select Walmart Ticketmaster locations across the country.

Foreigner and Journey Tour dates (more dates to be announced):
July
21           Salt Lake City, UT                           Rio Tinto Stadium
23           Irvine, CA Verizon                          Wireless Amphitheater
24           Phoenix, AZ Desert                        Sky Pavilion
27           Maryland Heights, MO                 Verizon Wireless Amphitheater
28           Minneapolis, MN                             Excel Energy Center
30           Tinley Park, IL                                 First Midwest Bank Amphitheatre
31           Clarkston, MI                                    DTE Energy Music Theatre
August
2             Cuyahoga Falls, OH                         Blossom Music Center
3             Cincinnati, OH                                   Riverbend Music Center
5             Columbus, OH                                   Crew Stadium, Ohio State Fair
6             Noblesville, IN                                 Verizon Wireless Music Center
9             Toronto, ON                                      Molson Amphitheatre
10           Darien Center, NY                          Darien Lake Performing Arts Center
12           Mansfield, MA                                  Comcast Center
13           Camden, NJ                                       susquehanna Bank Center
16           Hershey, PA                                      Hershey Park Pavillion
17           Wantagh, NY                                    Nikon at Jones Beach Theater
19           Virginia Beach, VA                         Virginia Beach Amphitheater
20           Raleigh, NC                                        Time Warner Cable Music Pavilion at Walnut Creek
21           Charlotte, NC                                    Verizon Wireless Amphitheatre Charlotte
24           Holmdel, NJ                                      PNC Bank Arts Center
27           Burgettstown, PA                          First Niagara Pavilion
30           Syracuse, NY                                    New York State Fair
31           Allentown, PA                                  The Great Allentown Fair
September
10           New Orleans, LA                             New Orleans Arena
13           Nashville, TN                                    Bridgestone Arena
14           Memphis, TN                                    Fedex Forum
16           Atlanta, GA                                        Aaron’s Amphitheatre at Lakewood
17           Tampa, FL                                         Gary Amphitheatre
18           West Palm Beach, FL                    Cruzan Amphitheatre
21           San Antonio, TX                               ATT Center
24           Dallas, TX                                          Gexa Energy Pavilion
25           Houston, TX                                      Cynthia Woods Mitchell Pavilion
28           Kansas City, MO                               Starlight Theatre
30           Albuquerque, NM                            Hard Rock Casino Presents the Pavilion
October
1             Englewood, CO                                 Comfort Dental Amphitheatre
5             Concord, CA                                       Sleep Train Pavillion
7             Chula Vista, CA                                  Cricket Wireless Amphitheatre
11           Los Angeles, CA                                Hollywood Bowl
14          Marysville, CA                                   Sleep Train Amphitheatre
15           Mountain View, CA                        Shoreline Amphitheatre
19           Portland, OR                                    Rose Garden Arena
21           Seattle, WA                                       KeyArena

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Lemmy to perform at MusiCares MAP Fund benefit


Legendary Motörhead frontman, Lemmy Kilmister, will perform at the MuisCares MAP Fund benefit concert in the good company of Slash and Matt Sorum.

The sixth annual MusiCares MAP Fund benefit concert will celebrate women in recovery and salute former first lady Betty Ford and the Betty Ford Center at Club Nokia in Los Angeles on May 7.

MusiCares provides a safety net of critical assistance for music people in times of need. MusiCares’ services and resources cover a wide range of financial, medical and personal emergencies, and each case is treated with integrity and confidentiality. MusiCares also focuses the resources and attention of the music industry on human service issues that directly impact the health and welfare of the music community.

All proceeds will benefit the MusiCares MAP Fund, which provides members of the music community access to addiction recovery treatment and sober living resources.

Go to http://www2.grammy.com/MusiCares/ for information on the benefit event, or contact Wynnie Wynn at wynniew@grammy.com  for tickets and information.

Lemmy Photo credit: ©Kevin Estrada

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Backstage Pass: Jethro Tull’s Ian Anderson


(Chrysalis/Brian Cooke, March 1978)

By  Peter Braidis

As the wild-eyed, flute-toting frontman for Jethro Tull, Ian Anderson has always been … well, a little different.

In this classic interview from 2002, the always-entertaining Anderson regales us with, among other things, tales of cleaning toilets, winning a controversial Grammy, his interactions with Black Sabbath’s Tony Iommi and Ozzy Osbourne, and the days of “Jethro Toe.”

Well actually I’m going to start with something that I was curious about that I read once. I believe you used to clean toilets way back when, and you kept one of the urinals in your house as a memento. Is that true?

Ian Anderson: Yeah, I did for a short time. When I first tried to become a professional musician, I did take a job as a cleaner in a movie theater in the South of England, and unfortunately, it was my job to clean out the toilets, which was a particularly unsavory part of the job. I don’t know if it’s the same today, but for some reason when people go to the movie theater they seem to have their minds on other things and their point of aim is somewhat distracted. (Laughs) So it was a messy job.

Yeah, I don’t think times have changed.

IA: No. Well, perhaps not. In Europe if you go on the trains in Germany, there’s a little sign telling men that it is advisable to sit down on the toilet to have a pee in order that they don’t wet the seat or the area around for subsequent customers.

I’m not sure how many men obey that, but it certainly seems quite a good idea.

But the urinal that I liberated from the store in the cinema was a slightly cracked, damaged, chipped porcelain urinal and it certainly wasn’t anything they were going to use, because it had a little chip out the side. So I liberated this from the store and I took it back to my little one-room, cold-water apartment, and I kept it for a year or two. But when I got married it was decided it wasn’t quite the thing to have around the first marital home. So it didn’t make the transition to the rest of my life.

I was just wondering what you’ve done with your Grammy.

IA: I wish I could answer the question. I’ve really no idea. I talked to my wife about this a few weeks ago. I said, “You remember that Grammy thing — that sort of horrible, plastic-y thing that came on little wooden splints?” I said, “Whatever happened to that?”

She said, “I really don’t know. It’s around somewhere.”

But you know, no one knows where it is. That shouldn’t be taken as a sign of disrespect for the Grammy Award system, or, indeed, the accolade of winning a Grammy, because after all, it’s not just a bunch of drunken bums from the world of records, radio or even the press that makes these decisions … but the problem is, I’m just not a keeper, a hoarder of trophies and reminders of things. I don’t have any gold albums.

Regarding the Grammy itself, how shocked were you when you found out you were nominated in the Hard Rock/Heavy Metal category?

IA: Well, I was very shocked that we were nominated. That was very surprising when I heard that we had been nominated. I was truly, truly surprised and questioned this with the record company. I said, “Look, this is a kind of weird thing to happen. We’re not really hard rock or heavy metal,” and the record company said, yeah, well we just kind of put your name up for nomination because, well, frankly there wasn’t another category that we thought of. This was actually the first year for this new category…

It was announced in the Grammy system. But prior to that, there really hadn’t been a category in which they felt it was worth putting us forward. I mean I was never going to win Best Male Vocalist or we weren’t going to win Best Group, because you know, that’s usually reserved for more popular, pop music kind of acts. And they didn’t have a category for best one-legged flute player, so I guess the record company just shoved us into this new category and figured, what the hell, let’s give it a spin.

And then strangely, of course, it was accepted, and I suppose the fact that we were the unlikely nominees alongside, if memory serves, Metallica, Iggy Pop, Jane’s Addiction — whatever they were — and one or two more that I can’t remember the names of. But at that point, I said, “Hey look, we’ve been nominated and that’s pretty weird. Maybe, maybe it’s not so unlikely that we might actually win,” because apart from Metallica, who were the hot shots around town in terms of hard rock and that kind of metal approach, it was early in their careers. And I thought, well, for all we know, the voters might think, oh good old Jethro Tull, they’ve been around for a while and no one ever gave them a Grammy before, so perhaps we’ll favor them.

So I remember actually saying to the folks at the record company, “Well, who knows? We might actually win this. Maybe Metallica will do it, but it wouldn’t surprise me.” However, the record company didn’t feel the same way. They thought it was completely unlikely, and we were lucky to be nominated and they sort of felt pretty sure that Metallica was going to win, and they didn’t want pay for me or any other members of Jethro Tull to fly to Los Angeles for the Grammy Ceremony. They said well, we’ve got Pat Benatar and Huey Lewis going, and that’s as far as the budget would stretch.

That’s right, this was Chrysalis Records.

IA: Right. So they didn’t want us to go. And we were basically working in the studio that evening when there was a phone call very late at night, and our publicist in the record company rang us up and said, “You won’t believe this, but you won the Grammy.” And I said, “Oh great, great, I’ll tell the other guys, thanks very much,” and that was it. That was all that happened really, no big deal at all.

Until the next day when we found that it had been, to put it mildly, a controversial win. And then having subsequently seen a tape of the show, poor old Alice Cooper had to hold up the Grammy with no one coming to collect it and to be greeted with resounding boos (laughs) from the rafters from both the Metallica fans, who were mightily pissed off that their heroes hadn’t won, and, indeed, from all the press contingent who were outraged that Jethro Tull had won this Grammy.

And I thought that was very weird because at the point when we were nominated, there wasn’t a peep.

No one said a word. Because, I guess we were considered such unlikely people no one got upset at that time. But when we actually won, (laughs) they got their knickers in a real twist. It was something that upset them greatly, and it was at that point that I thought, “Damn, I wish I’d been there. It would have been so fantastic to be out there at the Grammys and have everybody boo when I walked out there.”

It would have been like a “Spinal Tap” moment.

IA: To walk out at this showbiz award type of thing and have just a wall of people booing would have been unbelievable, and I’m sure some pissy and utterly wicked comment might have parted my lips (laughs).

I believe you would have been capable of that. Here’s a question for you. Your very first single, I think it was anyway, “Sunshine Day” …

IA: It was actually made prior to Jethro Tull being Jethro Tull. It was a demo, actually.

Yeah, they just kind of threw it out there. Did they not actually list you as Jethro Toe?

IA: Yeah, and we were never really sure why, whether it was an genuine typo or whether the producer at the time, in some hope that he might circumvent actually having to pay us or run foul of our management — because it was released without any real approval — he just went ahead and did it, and we were called Jethro Tull at that point. But he put this thing out calling it Jethro Toe, which sounds like he might have been trying to capitalize on the name, whilst legally saying no, that’s just a coincidence, that has nothing to do with Jethro Tull.

But whatever it was, it really didn’t matter. It only sold about 23 copies (laughs) — just a collector’s piece for those strange folks who go to those strange occasions called record fairs and actually buy pieces of scratchy old vinyl and take them home to hoard in the privacy of their own homes, into a world of a … I don’t know what kind of disease would go with collecting vinyl.

Your song “One Brown Mouse,” which is actually my favorite Jethro Tull song, although it’s a bit obscure, I think I read that it was inspired by a Robert Burns poem. Is that right?

IA: Well, that’s right. There’s been more than one mouse that was the hero of penned ditties. So it was Robert Burns, the famous Scottish poet who wrote [the] ode, “To A Mouse.”

I had a mouse when I was a little boy, and I used to sit and watch it and wonder what went on in that tiny little brain as it sat there in its little cage, playing on one of those wheels for exercise. But Syd Barrett, in the early days of Pink Floyd, I think he had a song … he had the words, “I’ve got a … I’ve got a…”

“Bike”?

IA: It was a song called “Bike” yeah. “I’ve got a mouse, and he doesn’t have a house, and I don’t know why I called him Gerald, he’s getting rather old, but he’s a good mouse.” So that’s a silly non sequitur, but that’s Syd Barrett for you! (laughs) But that’s another same kind of thing. I think the mouse is the villain of the domestic animal world, you know, someone who infiltrates our houses as a rather unwelcome guest. But I guess we all have that soft spot for that little mouse who kind of hides under the floorboards and in the rafters.

Now I’m a huge, huge Black Sabbath fan, and even though it was only for a few weeks, I know Tony Iommi filled in for you guys for a while in the late ’60s …

IA: Well, let me put that one in perspective. Tony met us … actually, when, I’m not sure. There might have been other guys who became part of Black Sabbath, when Black Sabbath was actually Black Sabbath, but in a band that supported Jethro Tull, towards the end of 1968.

Tony Iommi was there playing with whoever, and we sort of talked to him. He was a very nice guy, and when Mick Abrahams departed from the band at the end of ’68, amongst about, I don’t know, four or five other guitar players that we … I don’t want to use the word auditioned.

When Tony came … he and a few other guitar players, we just kind of got together for a couple of hours — three hours, four hours, whatever — in the afternoon and just played a few things. And I ran a few new ideas by them to see how they reacted, but it wasn’t like a formal audition. It was more just like people that you met: David O’List from The Nice — if you remember a band called The Nice, featuring Keith Emerson in his pre-Emerson, Lake & Palmer days — came along, you know, and we played together for a while, in my little room for an afternoon. Martin Barre came along. He didn’t get the job, but he did later, and Tony was one of those folks.

The only time he was really sort of involved in the band, professionally speaking, was when we were asked to “The Rolling Stones Rock And Roll Circus.” We didn’t have a guitar player, and Tony kind of came along and stood in on guitar — not actually playing, he was miming to the backing track. I was singing and playing live, but the other guys were on tape. So that was Tony’s only appearance with Jethro Tull. It was literally as someone we met before and was a nice guy, but he wasn’t really right for Jethro Tull. He knew that and I knew that. It was, well we played together for … I recall being in a rehearsal room somewhere in London, but I know we spent an afternoon together and played two or three things.

Tony was great at doing some things, but there was some other stuff, particularly amongst the new songs that we were writing, that weren’t really up his street. It wasn’t stuff he felt really comfortable with and so, you know, it was a moment that came and went really. And I’m sure from Tony’s point of view it was the best bit of luck he had all that day, that he didn’t end up joining Jethro Tull. Otherwise, (laughing) he wouldn’t have gone on to enjoying the position he did with Black Sabbath. In many ways Tony became the prototype of the heavy-metal riffer.

And there’s the irony, that you guys won the Metal Grammy before they did.

IA: Oh well, there you go. I guess looking back on it he too probably feels rightfully quite proud of the role that he played, you know, back in the early days of Black Sabbath. They actually played with us in America. I don’t think they did very much because the guy, Ozzy Osbourne, inclined sometimes not to manage doing the show (laughs). I remember going to his dressing room and saying, “Well, aren’t you gonna bloody get up there and play?” And he’d say, “No, I can’t sing tonight. I have no voice. I can’t do this.”

Anyway, I guess in the early days Ozzy was the kind of — I don’t know — probably not as important a figure as the musical substance in particular that came from Tony. It more or less evolved, this style of playing these monophonic riffs. There was no rhythmic part. It was just doom-laden, monophonic unison riffs with the bass, although people like Cream had made a living out of doing bluesy based riffs.

This thing that Black Sabbath did was somewhat different. It didn’t really owe much to the blues. It was more of a kind of statement out there in the gothic land of metal before anybody really knew what the term meant. Not that I’m sure what they mean now. I think Tony was very much a key man. In fact, it was my great pleasure a few years ago when I was asked to present Tony with an award, at the Kerrang! Awards in London. And so it was good to see Tony again after a few years and give him whatever it was that, if he’s like me, he’s left in a closet somewhere (laughs) where he can’t put his hands on it.

I saw a car commercial not too long ago using “Thick As A Brick.” How did that come about?

IA: Well, [that was] through my publishers, Chrysalis Music, who phoned me up and said there’s this company, Hyundai, and they want to do an ad using some music from “Thick As A Brick” and they need your permission. And I said, “Well, I don’t have a problem with that,” but given that they wanted to re-record a sort of 30- or 60-second version of it, I said, “Well fine, but if they’re going to re-record it, maybe they want me to do it for them, because I can do that pretty quickly.”
So we agreed that I would re-record it, and they sent me a story board and specific timings, and I had a pretty good idea of how the ad was going to run. I just put together a couple of different versions and sent it back to them. And then they tore them apart and put them back together in a slightly different order, which wasn’t actually the way I intended it to be anyway. But, for whatever reason, they edited it the way they wanted it run, but it’s me playing. They left off all the nice flute-y bits at the end, which was the best bit, but it is actually me playing. So I took about three hours to play a few different instruments on that and put it together.

Well, it’s aired quite a bit over here, for what it’s worth. I don’t even remember what car it is.

IA: Well, they could have sent me the money or maybe about seven cars! (Laughs)

Or maybe a wheel?

IA: Well you see the joke’s on us, because Hyundai and, let it be put on record here, in terms of competitive professional motor sports was one of the top rallying cars in international off-road rallying last year, tremendously successful. I mean absolutely the peak of professional motor-sport vehicle, absolutely a winner, Hyundai. But not obviously the same car you get for about $15,000 or whatever you buy one for in America and travel to the mall with. This was their factory, specially prepared, super powerful, amazing off-road rally car.

Now, I know you love cats, as do I. I went on the website and saw what you’re doing for certain species. How did you get involved in all that?

IA: Well, I’ve always loved cats even as a child and some people grow up being doggy people and some people like cats. I mean the majority of cat lovers are women rather than men but so are the majority of flute players also women rather than men, which goes to demonstrate in at least part of my life, I show my feminine side. But that’s about as close as it gets, guys. I’m quite happy to recognize my more feminine traits as long as I don’t have to get in bed with your brother. (Laughs) Because I haven’t actually managed to have had a homosexual experience, which I’m a little bit disappointed about because somewhere along the line it would have been nice to been seriously propositioned, but sadly, I’ve never had a proposition, and I’m a bit pissed off about it really. I mean, what the hell’s wrong with me?

But even when I was a youth, I didn’t get any of those dirty old men trying to middle up to me on a park bench or put their hand on my knee on whatever. Yet, I’ve been around gay people for a lot of my life, I mean people I worked with or met, yes, loads of gay people and yet, they don’t seem to fancy me. It’s a bit depressing really. I mean in a way, I’m quite relaxed about it in the sense that they didn’t put me in a situation where I would have to offend somebody by spurning their advances, but it would have been quite nice to have been asked to the party.

Yeah, for the ego. Well do you know the Meow Mix song? You know for the cat food.

IA: No, I don’t believe we have that over here.

I was hoping you’d do an unplugged version of that some day. Something to think about anyway.

IA: Oh yes.

Well, now as far as the new live record, Living With The Past,  I just received it yesterday but I listened to …

IA: Well, you’re a lucky guy. I haven’t received it at all, I still haven’t got one — well let me see, no, no, I managed to download two-thirds of the artwork for some last-minute tweaks that the European company needs to do.

Well, the artwork’s pretty cool.

IA: Of course I’ve got a master copy of the record because I was there (laughs). I mean, I produced it and mastered it, but I don’t have an official pressing, as it were. But I’m looking forward to getting my copy.

Well you should because the sound quality and the production is just fantastic. It’s really cool to hear you doing stuff from every part of your career, from “Roots To Branches” to “Sweet Dream” and of course “Aqualung” and stuff like that.

IA: Yeah we tried on the CD not to just make it a part of the soundtrack of the DVD. We tried to, you know, include a few extra and sort of off-the-wall kind of things from other performances. The CD and the DVD kind of have their own identities although they basically show the same essential artwork and are very close cousins. But the CD was kind of fun, because it was mastering all the DVD material, which was two hours worth of music, and I got that done first. Then I went back to pluck from that, and find some other sources of material for the CD, you know, for the audio product. So it was pretty fun. I kind of listened to snippets of old recordings to find five or six pieces that were going to be something, not too ancient, but live performances of a different sort and I came across some stuff I had done a couple of years ago and got a couple of pieces, from about ten years ago that must have been done for radio. They were as you would describe, unplugged and more acoustic rendition of  things that were fun to do.

FURTHER READING: IAN ANDERSON’S TEN ALBUMS THAT CHANGED HIS LIFE


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Guitarist Les Paul one of rock 'n' roll's inventors


Les Paul, the guitar virtuoso and inventor who revolutionized music and created rock ’n’ roll as surely as Elvis Presley and The Beatles by developing the solid-body electric guitar and multitrack recording, died Aug. 13 at age 94.

Known for his lightning-fast riffs, Paul produced a slew of hits, many with wife Mary Ford. But it was his inventive streak that made him universally revered by guitar gods as their original ancestor and earned his induction into the Rock And Roll Hall Of Fame as one of the most important forces in popular music.

Paul’s quest for a particular sound led him to create the first solid-body electric guitar, a departure from the hollow-body guitars of the time. His invention paved the way for modern rock ’n’ roll and became the standard instrument for legends like Pete Townshend and Jimmy Page.

He also developed technology that would become hallmarks of rock and pop recording, from multitrack recording that allowed for layers of overdubs to guitar reverb and other sound effects.

“Without Les Paul, we would not have rock and roll as we know it,” said Terry Stewart, president and CEO of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum. “His inventions created the infrastructure for the music and his playing style will ripple through generations. He was truly an architect of rock and roll.”

“He was truly the cornerstone of popular music,” said Henry Juskiewicz, chairman and CEO of Gibson Guitar, which mass produced Paul’s original invention. “He was a futurist, and unlike some futurists who write about it and predict things, he was a guy who actually did things.”

Paul remained an active performer until his last months: He put out his first rock album just four years ago and up until recently played every week at a New York jazz club.

The news of his death prompted an outpouring of tributes from the music world.

“Les lived a very long life and he got to a lot of his goals, so I’m happy for him in that respect. … At least he realized that he was a legend in his own time while he was alive,” said Richie Sambora, Bon Jovi’s guitarist and a friend of Paul’s, on Thursday. “He was revolutionary in the music business.”

“I am deeply touched by the passing of Les Paul, who I first met in 1959,” said Randy Bachman of Bachman Turner Overdrive and The Guess Who. “As a guitarist, composer, electronic innovator and inventor, he was beyond genius and there was none other like him. He was a true musical gift from God to the world and spent his life honoring that gift.”

A musician since childhood, Paul experimented with guitar amplification for years before coming up in 1941 with what he called “The Log,” a 4-by-4-foot piece of wood strung with steel strings.

“I went into a nightclub and played it. Of course, everybody had me labeled as a nut,” Paul once said. He later put the wooden wings onto the body to give it a traditional guitar shape.

The use of electric guitar gained popularity in the mid-to-late 1940s. Leo Fender’s Broadcaster was the first mass-produced solid-body electric on the market in the late ’40s.

Gibson solicited Paul to create a prototype guitar and began production on the Les Paul guitar in 1952. Townshend of the Who, Steve Howe of Yes, jazz great Al DiMeola and Led Zeppelin’s Page all made the Gibson Les Paul their trademark six-string.

The Les Paul series has become one of the most widely used guitars in the music industry. In 2005, Christie’s auction house sold a 1955 Gibson Les Paul for $45,600.

Paul was born Lester William Polfuss, in Waukesha, Wis., on June 9, 1915. He began his musical career billing himself as Red Hot Red or Rhubarb Red. He toured with the popular Chicago band Rube Tronson And His Texas Cowboys and led the house band on WJJD radio in Chicago.

In the mid-1930s he joined Fred Waring’s Pennsylvanians and moved to New York to form the Les Paul Trio with Jim Atkins and bassist Ernie Newton.

Paul started out as an accompanist, working with key artists until he struck out on his own. His first records were released in 1944 on Decca Records. His career as a musician, however, nearly came to an end in 1948, when a near-fatal car accident shattered his right arm and elbow. He instructed the surgeons to set his arm at an angle that would allow him to cradle and pick his guitar.

Later, with Ford, his wife from 1949 to 1962, he earned 36 gold records for hits including “Vaya Con Dios” and “How High the Moon,” which both hit No. 1. For seven years in the 1950s, Paul and Ford broadcast a TV show from their home in Mahwah, N.J. (Ford died in 1977, 15 years after they divorced).

Paul’s work on recording techniques began in the years after World War II, when Bing Crosby gave him a tape recorder. Drawing on earlier experimentation, Paul added an additional playback head to the recorder. The result was a delayed effect that became known as tape echo. Tape echo gave the recording a more “live” feel and enabled the user to simulate different playing environments.

Paul’s next idea was to stack eight mono tape machines and send their outputs to one piece of tape, stacking the recording heads on top of each other. The resulting machine served as the forerunner to today’s multitrack recorders. Many of his songs with Ford used overdubbing techniques that Paul had helped develop.

“I could take my Mary and make her three, six, nine, 12, as many voices as I wished,” he recalled. “This is quite an asset.” The overdubbing technique was highly influential on later recording artists such as the Carpenters.

Paul’s use of multitrack recording was unique: Before he did it, most recordings were made on a single tape. By recording each element separately, from the vocals to instrumentation on different tracks, they could be mixed and layered, adding to the richness in sound.

In 1954, Paul commissioned the first eight-track tape recorder, later known as “Sel-Sync,” in which a recording head could simultaneously record a new track and play back previous ones.

In the late 1960s, Paul retired from music to concentrate on his inventions. His interest in country music was rekindled in the mid-’70s and he teamed with Chet Atkins for two albums. The duo were awarded a Grammy for best country instrumental performance of 1976 for their Chester and Lester album.

In 2005, he released the Grammy-winning Les Paul & Friends: American Made, World Played, his first album of new material since those 1970s recordings and his first official rock CD. Among those playing with him: Peter Frampton, Jeff Beck, Eric Clapton and Richie Sambora.

“They’re not only my friends, but they’re great players,” Paul told The Associated Press. “I never stop being amazed by all the different ways of playing the guitar and making it deliver a message.”

Paul was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 2005.

• • • • •

Discovery World in Milwaukee, Wis., is home to Les Paul’s House of Sound, which houses the largest collection of Les Paul’s personal sound equipment and guitars in the world (outside of Les’ own home). Tributes to the “Wizard of Waukesha” can be viewed at www.discoveryworld.org.

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